为研究内生菌HL-1可湿性粉剂的制备材料及其除草活性,本试验采用单因素法筛选生防除草内生菌HL-1最适碳氮源、固体发酵基质、适宜载体和助剂,制备可湿性粉剂,并进行盆栽和田间小区接种,测定其除草活性。结果表明:HL-1最适碳氮源分别是...为研究内生菌HL-1可湿性粉剂的制备材料及其除草活性,本试验采用单因素法筛选生防除草内生菌HL-1最适碳氮源、固体发酵基质、适宜载体和助剂,制备可湿性粉剂,并进行盆栽和田间小区接种,测定其除草活性。结果表明:HL-1最适碳氮源分别是蔗糖和酵母浸粉,最适固体发酵基质为麦麸,最适载体与助剂为硅藻土、膨润土、羧甲基纤维素和可溶性淀粉;在苗期盆栽和田间小区试验中,菌株HL-1可湿性粉剂对繁缕(Stellaria media L.)、灰藜(Chenopodium album L.)、藜(Chenopodium glaucum L.)和密花香薷(Elsholtzia densa Benth.)4种杂草均表现出较强致病性,盆栽试验中对繁缕的发病率和鲜重效分别是85.50%和84.74%,小区试验中对繁缕的发病率和鲜重效分别是84.50%和85.36%。本试验制备的内生菌HL-1可湿性粉剂,可作为生防菌剂有效控制繁缕、灰藜等杂草。展开更多
To ascertain the influence of wheat stubble management options and chemical weed control methods on weed growth and productivity of dry direct-seeded fine rice,a two years’field study was undertaken at the Agronomic ...To ascertain the influence of wheat stubble management options and chemical weed control methods on weed growth and productivity of dry direct-seeded fine rice,a two years’field study was undertaken at the Agronomic Research Farm,University of Agriculture,Faisalabad,Pakistan in 2013 and 2014.Different wheat stubble management methods,viz.,incorporation,burning and retention were executed during seed-bed preparation.While,herbicide treatments comprised of a weed check,weed free,pendimethalin followed by tank mixture of fenoxaprop p-ethyl+ethoxysulfuron ethyl,and bispyribac sodium followed by tank mixture of fenoxaprop p-ethyl+ethoxysulfuron ethyl.Results revealed that weed control efficacy of both herbicide treatments ranged from 84 to 94%.Herbicide treatments significantly reduced weed density(88–90%)and dry weight(86–88%),while improved the rice growth attributes compared with weed check.Application of bispyribac sodium followed by tank mixture of fenoxaprop p-ethyl+ethoxysulfuron ethyl in stubble retention recorded 226 and 273%increase in kernel yield over weedy check in 2013 and 2014,respectively.In stubble incorporation,pendimethalin followed by tank mixture of fenoxaprop p-ethyl+ethoxysulfuron ethyl was more effective in increasing(256–293%)rice yields over weedy check.Among different treatment combinations,the maximum net benefits(1 397.49–1 472.22 USD ha–1),net returns(636–700 USD ha–1),benefit cost ratio(1.77–1.83)and marginal rate of return(2 187–2 330%)were recorded with the application of bispyribac sodium followed by fenoxaprop p-ethyl+ethoxysulfuron ethyl in stubble retention.In crux,application of bispyribac sodium followed by tank mixture of fenoxaprop p-ethyl+ethoxysulfuron ethyl in stubble retention is efficient approach to control weeds,and get maximum rice productivity and net economic returns under dry seeded system.展开更多
Through on-the-spot investigation and survey in Xinjiang cotton region and relevant data (containing statistical data, online information and government documents, etc.), the characteristics of water resource, wind-sa...Through on-the-spot investigation and survey in Xinjiang cotton region and relevant data (containing statistical data, online information and government documents, etc.), the characteristics of water resource, wind-sand disaster, soil salinization, cotton diseases, insect pests and weeds in Xinjiang are studied. It is proposed reasons and specific programmes of green development strategy of Xinjiang cotton, and specific strategies contain ecological water supply, land desertification control, soil improvement, and ecological control of diseases, insect pests and weeds, thereby providing the support for sustainable development of Xinjiang cotton.展开更多
An investigation was carried out in wharves, inspection yards, processing plants in Beilun Port and the surrounding areas. Five kinds of exotic harmful weeds were discovered and collected, and they were described and ...An investigation was carried out in wharves, inspection yards, processing plants in Beilun Port and the surrounding areas. Five kinds of exotic harmful weeds were discovered and collected, and they were described and analyzed.展开更多
目的:明确5种除草剂对一年生阔叶杂草的田间防效、最佳用量、使用时间和药剂的安全性。方法:2018年对安徽地区冬小麦田进行5种除草剂6个处理的药效试验。结果:施药后40 d,48%2甲4氯异辛酯·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯·双氟磺草胺SC 43...目的:明确5种除草剂对一年生阔叶杂草的田间防效、最佳用量、使用时间和药剂的安全性。方法:2018年对安徽地区冬小麦田进行5种除草剂6个处理的药效试验。结果:施药后40 d,48%2甲4氯异辛酯·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯·双氟磺草胺SC 432 g a.i./hm^2对藜、萹蓄和荠菜的株防效分别为94.2%,94.2%和95.2%,鲜重防效分别为96.6%,96.8%和97.3%;43%双氟磺草胺·2甲4氯异辛酯SC 645 g a.i./hm^2对藜、萹蓄和荠菜的株防效分别为92.9%,93.8%和93.7%,鲜重防效分别为96.1%,96.5%和96.6%。结论:43%双氟磺草胺·2甲4氯异辛酯SC 645 g a.i./hm^2和48%2甲4氯异辛酯·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯·双氟磺草胺SC 432 g a.i./hm~2,可用于黄淮海地区冬小麦田综合防除小藜、萹蓄和荠菜等阔叶杂草。展开更多
Weeds,especially close relatives of crops,pose severe threats to agricultural production worldwide.As an evolutionary"evil twin"of cultivated rice,weedy rice(Oryza sativa f.spontanea)has emerged as a pernici...Weeds,especially close relatives of crops,pose severe threats to agricultural production worldwide.As an evolutionary"evil twin"of cultivated rice,weedy rice(Oryza sativa f.spontanea)has emerged as a pernicious weed that evolved with strong growth and reproductive advantages,such as easy seed shattering and long seed dormancy,strong competitiveness for depriving resources,and robust environmental adaptability,to outcompete cultivated rice in the paddy field(Figure 1).展开更多
文摘为研究内生菌HL-1可湿性粉剂的制备材料及其除草活性,本试验采用单因素法筛选生防除草内生菌HL-1最适碳氮源、固体发酵基质、适宜载体和助剂,制备可湿性粉剂,并进行盆栽和田间小区接种,测定其除草活性。结果表明:HL-1最适碳氮源分别是蔗糖和酵母浸粉,最适固体发酵基质为麦麸,最适载体与助剂为硅藻土、膨润土、羧甲基纤维素和可溶性淀粉;在苗期盆栽和田间小区试验中,菌株HL-1可湿性粉剂对繁缕(Stellaria media L.)、灰藜(Chenopodium album L.)、藜(Chenopodium glaucum L.)和密花香薷(Elsholtzia densa Benth.)4种杂草均表现出较强致病性,盆栽试验中对繁缕的发病率和鲜重效分别是85.50%和84.74%,小区试验中对繁缕的发病率和鲜重效分别是84.50%和85.36%。本试验制备的内生菌HL-1可湿性粉剂,可作为生防菌剂有效控制繁缕、灰藜等杂草。
文摘To ascertain the influence of wheat stubble management options and chemical weed control methods on weed growth and productivity of dry direct-seeded fine rice,a two years’field study was undertaken at the Agronomic Research Farm,University of Agriculture,Faisalabad,Pakistan in 2013 and 2014.Different wheat stubble management methods,viz.,incorporation,burning and retention were executed during seed-bed preparation.While,herbicide treatments comprised of a weed check,weed free,pendimethalin followed by tank mixture of fenoxaprop p-ethyl+ethoxysulfuron ethyl,and bispyribac sodium followed by tank mixture of fenoxaprop p-ethyl+ethoxysulfuron ethyl.Results revealed that weed control efficacy of both herbicide treatments ranged from 84 to 94%.Herbicide treatments significantly reduced weed density(88–90%)and dry weight(86–88%),while improved the rice growth attributes compared with weed check.Application of bispyribac sodium followed by tank mixture of fenoxaprop p-ethyl+ethoxysulfuron ethyl in stubble retention recorded 226 and 273%increase in kernel yield over weedy check in 2013 and 2014,respectively.In stubble incorporation,pendimethalin followed by tank mixture of fenoxaprop p-ethyl+ethoxysulfuron ethyl was more effective in increasing(256–293%)rice yields over weedy check.Among different treatment combinations,the maximum net benefits(1 397.49–1 472.22 USD ha–1),net returns(636–700 USD ha–1),benefit cost ratio(1.77–1.83)and marginal rate of return(2 187–2 330%)were recorded with the application of bispyribac sodium followed by fenoxaprop p-ethyl+ethoxysulfuron ethyl in stubble retention.In crux,application of bispyribac sodium followed by tank mixture of fenoxaprop p-ethyl+ethoxysulfuron ethyl in stubble retention is efficient approach to control weeds,and get maximum rice productivity and net economic returns under dry seeded system.
基金National Key R & D Program of China (2017YFD0201900)Special Project of Key R & D Tasks in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (2016B01001-2)+1 种基金National Technical System of Cotton Industry, Ministry of Agriculture (CARS-18-07)Foundation of Key Laboratory of Desert Oasis Crop Physiology, Ecology and Farming, Ministry of Agriculture.
文摘Through on-the-spot investigation and survey in Xinjiang cotton region and relevant data (containing statistical data, online information and government documents, etc.), the characteristics of water resource, wind-sand disaster, soil salinization, cotton diseases, insect pests and weeds in Xinjiang are studied. It is proposed reasons and specific programmes of green development strategy of Xinjiang cotton, and specific strategies contain ecological water supply, land desertification control, soil improvement, and ecological control of diseases, insect pests and weeds, thereby providing the support for sustainable development of Xinjiang cotton.
基金Ningbo Natural Science Foundation (2017A610074).
文摘An investigation was carried out in wharves, inspection yards, processing plants in Beilun Port and the surrounding areas. Five kinds of exotic harmful weeds were discovered and collected, and they were described and analyzed.
文摘目的:明确5种除草剂对一年生阔叶杂草的田间防效、最佳用量、使用时间和药剂的安全性。方法:2018年对安徽地区冬小麦田进行5种除草剂6个处理的药效试验。结果:施药后40 d,48%2甲4氯异辛酯·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯·双氟磺草胺SC 432 g a.i./hm^2对藜、萹蓄和荠菜的株防效分别为94.2%,94.2%和95.2%,鲜重防效分别为96.6%,96.8%和97.3%;43%双氟磺草胺·2甲4氯异辛酯SC 645 g a.i./hm^2对藜、萹蓄和荠菜的株防效分别为92.9%,93.8%和93.7%,鲜重防效分别为96.1%,96.5%和96.6%。结论:43%双氟磺草胺·2甲4氯异辛酯SC 645 g a.i./hm^2和48%2甲4氯异辛酯·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯·双氟磺草胺SC 432 g a.i./hm~2,可用于黄淮海地区冬小麦田综合防除小藜、萹蓄和荠菜等阔叶杂草。
文摘Weeds,especially close relatives of crops,pose severe threats to agricultural production worldwide.As an evolutionary"evil twin"of cultivated rice,weedy rice(Oryza sativa f.spontanea)has emerged as a pernicious weed that evolved with strong growth and reproductive advantages,such as easy seed shattering and long seed dormancy,strong competitiveness for depriving resources,and robust environmental adaptability,to outcompete cultivated rice in the paddy field(Figure 1).