Verbal short-term memory (vSTM) has been shown to be associated with language development in typical and atypical populations. In this study, we investigated cognitive and language skills in 33 school-aged children wi...Verbal short-term memory (vSTM) has been shown to be associated with language development in typical and atypical populations. In this study, we investigated cognitive and language skills in 33 school-aged children with ASD (6 - 12 years old) with both typical and low levels of intelligence (18 with typical non-verbal IQ [>80 in Raven] and 15 with low non-verbal IQ [p p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that expressive vocabulary was predicted by non-verbal IQ and vSTM, syntactic production was predicted by vSTM and picture comprehension was predicted by non-verbal IQ. Conversely, expressive vocabulary could predict non-verbal IQ, vSTM, immediate visual memory, delayed visual memory, and visual information recall. It seems that vSTM is a strong predictor of language skills for children with ASD, just like it is for other typical and atypical populations. Finally, dissociations exist in individual performances between non-verbal IQ and memory on the one hand and language skills (expressive vocabulary, syntactic production) on the other hand. We discuss the significance of these findings in terms of previous results reported in ASD literature as well as in terms of clinical implications and intervention in ASD individuals.展开更多
目的了解不同认知水平的学龄期孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)儿童体力活动情况,分析其与超重或肥胖的相关性。方法纳入中山大学儿童青少年心理行为发育研究中心2018年7月-2019年5月就诊的ASD儿童45例,采用中文版韦氏智...目的了解不同认知水平的学龄期孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)儿童体力活动情况,分析其与超重或肥胖的相关性。方法纳入中山大学儿童青少年心理行为发育研究中心2018年7月-2019年5月就诊的ASD儿童45例,采用中文版韦氏智力量表第4版与临床访谈对入组儿童进行认知能力评估,按照有无智力低下分为高功能ASD组(high function ASD,HFA)和低功能ASD组(low function ASD,LFA),采用Actigraph-GT3X三轴加速度计对两组儿童进行客观的体力活动测量,应用标准方法进行体格测量并根据世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)的体质指数(body mass index,BMI)标准判断超重或肥胖,运用二元Logistic回归模型分析体力活动相关指标与超重或肥胖患病风险的关联。结果入组的ASD儿童中超重者为7人(15.6%),肥胖者为8人(17.8%);平均中高强度体力活动时间为(49.2±20.3)min/d,未达到WHO推荐标准(60 min/d),达标率为26.7%;LFA组的高强度体力活动时间(Z=2.55,P=0.011)和中高强度体力活动时间(Z=1.98,P=0.048)均显著大于HFA组。在HFA组中,控制年龄、性别和平均睡眠时长后,较高水平的中强度、高强度和中高强度体力活动与超重或肥胖低风险有关(依次为OR=0.09,95%CI 0.01~0.94;OR=0.06,95%CI 0.004~0.96;OR=0.06,95%CI 0.005~0.70)。而在LFA组中,未发现相关指标与超重或肥胖有统计学关联。结论学龄期ASD儿童存在体力活动不足及较高超重或肥胖患病率问题,不同认知水平的ASD儿童其体力活动与超重或肥胖之间的关联性有差别,在HFA儿童中两者呈负相关关系,可为进一步的干预提供参考依据。展开更多
目的探讨孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)儿童肠道菌群与其症状严重程度的关系。方法纳入中山大学儿童青少年心理行为发育研究中心2017年4-7月就诊的ASD儿童45例。采用孤独症评定量表和社会沟通问卷评估ASD症状严重程度...目的探讨孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)儿童肠道菌群与其症状严重程度的关系。方法纳入中山大学儿童青少年心理行为发育研究中心2017年4-7月就诊的ASD儿童45例。采用孤独症评定量表和社会沟通问卷评估ASD症状严重程度。收集两组(轻-中度ASD和重度ASD)儿童新鲜粪便,提取粪便样本DNA,并对细菌16S r DNA V3+V4区进行扩增,应用Illumina Miseq平台进行高通量测序。结果轻-中度ASD和重度ASD儿童的肠道菌群#多样性指数和β多样性无显著差异,但重度ASD组操作分类单元个数更少,丰度等级曲线更陡峭。重复刻板行为的严重程度得分与梭菌样梭状芽胞杆菌(Clostridium clostridiiforme)(r=0.391,P=0.008)存在正相关。结论不同症状严重程度ASD儿童的肠道菌群结构无明显差异,但重度ASD组肠道菌群的种类倾向于更少,分布更不均匀。展开更多
文摘Verbal short-term memory (vSTM) has been shown to be associated with language development in typical and atypical populations. In this study, we investigated cognitive and language skills in 33 school-aged children with ASD (6 - 12 years old) with both typical and low levels of intelligence (18 with typical non-verbal IQ [>80 in Raven] and 15 with low non-verbal IQ [p p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that expressive vocabulary was predicted by non-verbal IQ and vSTM, syntactic production was predicted by vSTM and picture comprehension was predicted by non-verbal IQ. Conversely, expressive vocabulary could predict non-verbal IQ, vSTM, immediate visual memory, delayed visual memory, and visual information recall. It seems that vSTM is a strong predictor of language skills for children with ASD, just like it is for other typical and atypical populations. Finally, dissociations exist in individual performances between non-verbal IQ and memory on the one hand and language skills (expressive vocabulary, syntactic production) on the other hand. We discuss the significance of these findings in terms of previous results reported in ASD literature as well as in terms of clinical implications and intervention in ASD individuals.
文摘目的了解不同认知水平的学龄期孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)儿童体力活动情况,分析其与超重或肥胖的相关性。方法纳入中山大学儿童青少年心理行为发育研究中心2018年7月-2019年5月就诊的ASD儿童45例,采用中文版韦氏智力量表第4版与临床访谈对入组儿童进行认知能力评估,按照有无智力低下分为高功能ASD组(high function ASD,HFA)和低功能ASD组(low function ASD,LFA),采用Actigraph-GT3X三轴加速度计对两组儿童进行客观的体力活动测量,应用标准方法进行体格测量并根据世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)的体质指数(body mass index,BMI)标准判断超重或肥胖,运用二元Logistic回归模型分析体力活动相关指标与超重或肥胖患病风险的关联。结果入组的ASD儿童中超重者为7人(15.6%),肥胖者为8人(17.8%);平均中高强度体力活动时间为(49.2±20.3)min/d,未达到WHO推荐标准(60 min/d),达标率为26.7%;LFA组的高强度体力活动时间(Z=2.55,P=0.011)和中高强度体力活动时间(Z=1.98,P=0.048)均显著大于HFA组。在HFA组中,控制年龄、性别和平均睡眠时长后,较高水平的中强度、高强度和中高强度体力活动与超重或肥胖低风险有关(依次为OR=0.09,95%CI 0.01~0.94;OR=0.06,95%CI 0.004~0.96;OR=0.06,95%CI 0.005~0.70)。而在LFA组中,未发现相关指标与超重或肥胖有统计学关联。结论学龄期ASD儿童存在体力活动不足及较高超重或肥胖患病率问题,不同认知水平的ASD儿童其体力活动与超重或肥胖之间的关联性有差别,在HFA儿童中两者呈负相关关系,可为进一步的干预提供参考依据。
文摘目的探讨孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)儿童肠道菌群与其症状严重程度的关系。方法纳入中山大学儿童青少年心理行为发育研究中心2017年4-7月就诊的ASD儿童45例。采用孤独症评定量表和社会沟通问卷评估ASD症状严重程度。收集两组(轻-中度ASD和重度ASD)儿童新鲜粪便,提取粪便样本DNA,并对细菌16S r DNA V3+V4区进行扩增,应用Illumina Miseq平台进行高通量测序。结果轻-中度ASD和重度ASD儿童的肠道菌群#多样性指数和β多样性无显著差异,但重度ASD组操作分类单元个数更少,丰度等级曲线更陡峭。重复刻板行为的严重程度得分与梭菌样梭状芽胞杆菌(Clostridium clostridiiforme)(r=0.391,P=0.008)存在正相关。结论不同症状严重程度ASD儿童的肠道菌群结构无明显差异,但重度ASD组肠道菌群的种类倾向于更少,分布更不均匀。