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文章速递<i>Raoultella planticola</i>Bacteremia-Induced Fatal Septic Shock and Sepsis-Induced Coagulopathy in a Patient with Pancreatic Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review 认领
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作者 Konul Hajiyeva Mehmet Oral 《临床医学国际期刊(英文)》 2021年第1期36-42,共7页
Background: <em>Raoultella planticola</em> is a gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium commonly found in water and soil and considered to be a rare and possibly underestimated cause of severe human infection. ... Background: <em>Raoultella planticola</em> is a gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium commonly found in water and soil and considered to be a rare and possibly underestimated cause of severe human infection. Its presence should be suspected in older patients with a history of cancer, immune suppression and recent exposure to traumatic injuries or invasive medical procedures. Case presentation: A 78-year-old male with a history of hypertension was diagnosed with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Whipple procedure (pancreaticoduodenectomy) was performed afterwards. On the 8th day of surgery, the patient was admitted to our tertiary ICU with septic shock. His initial Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was 12 with predicted mortality 95.7%. Empirical antibiotic therapy with colymicin, meropenem and teikoplanin was administered immediately and two sets of blood cultures were obtained. Patient developed refractory septic shock despite the addition of vasopressin and the patient’s condition continued to deteriorate. Patient died on the third day of sepsis. His blood culture was positive for <em>R.</em> <em>planticola</em>, which was identified using the VITEK-2 biochemical identification system. Conclusions: Clinicians should be aware of fatal unusual infections in immunocompromised patients. 展开更多
关键词 Antibiotic Resistance Bacteremia Sepsis
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全国细菌耐药监测网2014—2019年耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌流行病学变迁 认领
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作者 无 《中国感染控制杂志》 CAS 北大核心 2021年第2期175-179,共5页
目的了解中国耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌(CRKP)的耐药变迁。方法分析2014—2019年全国细菌耐药监测报告中CRKP相关数据,比较不同地区、不同等级医院、不同标本来源、不同年龄组及不同科室CRKP的耐药变迁。结果全国CRKP检出率从2014年的6... 目的了解中国耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌(CRKP)的耐药变迁。方法分析2014—2019年全国细菌耐药监测报告中CRKP相关数据,比较不同地区、不同等级医院、不同标本来源、不同年龄组及不同科室CRKP的耐药变迁。结果全国CRKP检出率从2014年的6.4%上升至2019年10.9%。2019年河南省及上海市CRKP检出率最高,分别为32.8%和28.7%,西藏检出率最低(为0.6%);2019年全国儿童医院、三级医院及二级医院CRKP检出率分别为14.0%、11.6%及5.5%;2019年全国重症医学科患者CRKP检出率最高(23.0%),高于住院、急诊及门诊患者。结论中国CRKP检出率呈现上升趋势,不同地区及不同科室间存在差异。 展开更多
关键词 肺炎克雷伯菌 碳青霉烯类耐药 抗生素 耐药性 全国细菌耐药监测网
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文章速递儿童幽门螺杆菌抗生素耐药研究进展及处理对策 认领
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作者 任小舟 李中跃 《中国实用儿科杂志》 CSCD 北大核心 2021年第1期64-69,共6页
幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori)是全世界感染最广泛的病原体之一,约50%人口感染[1]。H.pylori感染是儿童慢性胃炎伴消化不良和消化性溃疡的重要病因,此外还与胃黏膜相关组织(mucousl-associated lymphoid tissue,MALT)淋巴... 幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori)是全世界感染最广泛的病原体之一,约50%人口感染[1]。H.pylori感染是儿童慢性胃炎伴消化不良和消化性溃疡的重要病因,此外还与胃黏膜相关组织(mucousl-associated lymphoid tissue,MALT)淋巴瘤、胃癌、不明原因的缺铁性贫血、特发性血小板减少性紫癜等疾病相关[1-2]。H.pylori感染主要发生在儿童时期,大部分成人感染的H.pylori是在儿童时期获得的,因此在感染H.pylori的儿童中进行有效的根除治疗可以显著预防成年后的感染负担。 展开更多
关键词 幽门螺杆菌 抗生素耐药 儿童 耐药基因 治疗
1株克氏原螯虾摩氏摩根菌的分离鉴定及联合药敏试验 认领
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作者 董靖 刘永涛 +5 位作者 胥宁 刘绍春 杨秋红 杨移斌 周顺 艾晓辉 《华中农业大学学报》 CAS 北大核心 2021年第1期99-104,共6页
从患病克氏原螯虾肝胰腺内分离到1株病原菌,通过对其生理生化特征鉴定、16S rRNA序列分析和进化树构建对分离株进行了鉴定;测定了分离株对20种抗菌药物的敏感性及抗菌药物与天然化合物联用后的协同抑菌作用。结果发现,该菌株的生理生化... 从患病克氏原螯虾肝胰腺内分离到1株病原菌,通过对其生理生化特征鉴定、16S rRNA序列分析和进化树构建对分离株进行了鉴定;测定了分离株对20种抗菌药物的敏感性及抗菌药物与天然化合物联用后的协同抑菌作用。结果发现,该菌株的生理生化特征与摩氏摩根菌基本一致,进一步通过测序和进化树分析发现该菌株与摩氏摩根菌的基因相似度达到99%以上,因此该菌株鉴定为摩氏摩根菌。药敏试验发现该菌株对恩诺沙星、氟苯尼考和新霉素等7种药物高度敏感,对卡那霉素中等敏感,对多西环素、链霉素和四环素等12种药物耐药。此外,联合抑菌试验发现多西环素与二氢辣椒碱联用后具有协同抑菌作用。以上研究表明,本次从克氏原螯虾肝胰腺中分离的细菌为耐药性摩氏摩根菌,可选用氟苯尼考、恩诺沙星、新霉素或二氢辣椒碱和多西环素的复方制剂进行治疗。 展开更多
关键词 克氏原螯虾(小龙虾) 摩氏摩根菌 耐药性 联合药敏试验 食品安全 疾病防控 协同抑菌
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血液病患者合并血流感染74例临床分析 认领
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作者 周云 李享宸 +1 位作者 宋光彩 吴春农 《中国感染与化疗杂志》 CAS 北大核心 2021年第1期21-26,共6页
目的对凉山州第一人民医院血液科血液病患者合并血流感染的病原学、耐药情况和患者预后危险因素进行分析,为临床防治感染提供依据,以期提高血流感染的治愈率。方法回顾性分析2015年1月1日-2019年12月31日该院血液病患者合并血流感染的... 目的对凉山州第一人民医院血液科血液病患者合并血流感染的病原学、耐药情况和患者预后危险因素进行分析,为临床防治感染提供依据,以期提高血流感染的治愈率。方法回顾性分析2015年1月1日-2019年12月31日该院血液病患者合并血流感染的细菌分布、耐药情况等临床资料,对预后相关因素进行分析,采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计分析。结果该科74例患者血培养分离的74株菌株中,革兰阴性菌株52株,占70.3%,革兰阳性菌株19株,占25.7%,真菌3株,占4.1%。前五位致病菌分别为大肠埃希菌(39.2%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(14.9%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(6.8%)、屎肠球菌(4.1%)和阴沟肠杆菌(4.1%)。细菌耐药情况分析显示:革兰阴性菌耐药率较低,多对阿米卡星及含β内酰胺酶抑制剂的复合制剂敏感;革兰阳性菌中无明显耐药发生,但有1株屎肠球菌耐万古霉素。单因素分析卡方检验提示:病死率在不同年龄(P=0.015)、降钙素原(PCT)水平(P=0.015)、白蛋白水平(P=0.034)、合并基础疾病(P=0.006)中差异有统计学意义。logistic回归分析提示:合并基础疾病、血清PCT升高及白蛋白降低是该组血流感染患者28 d内死亡的独立预后危险因素。结论该院血液病合并血流感染的病原菌分布仍以革兰阴性菌为主,目前尚无严重耐药情况。治疗过程需密切关注患者的合并基础疾病情况、血清PCT及白蛋白水平,及时对患者的预后进行评估,调整治疗方案,以提高血流感染患者的治愈率。 展开更多
关键词 血液病 血流感染 病原菌 耐药 预后因素
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The Five Years Surveillance and Trends of Antibiotic Resistance in Some Common Gram Negative Bacteria at the Vietnam Military Hospital 认领
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作者 Ha Thi Thu Van Hoang Xuan Quang +1 位作者 Vo Thi Bich Thuy Nguyen Thai Son 《微生物学(英文)》 2020年第12期730-741,共12页
The study is to identify trends and levels of antibiotic resistance of some common Gram-negative strains over time. The samples were collected from Vietnam Military Hospital 103 between 2014 and 2019. A total of 405 &... The study is to identify trends and levels of antibiotic resistance of some common Gram-negative strains over time. The samples were collected from Vietnam Military Hospital 103 between 2014 and 2019. A total of 405 <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>., 528 <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, 741 <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and 352 <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> strains were identified and antimicrobial susceptibility was by Vitek system and Etest method. The multi-drug resistance (MDR) was major proportion of four common bacteria. In particular, there is a tendency to shift from MDR to Extended drug resistance (XDR) or possibly Pan drug resistant (pPDR). <i>A. baumannii</i> had the highest level of antibiotic resistance, namely, carbapenem (61.5% - 82.5%) and cephalosporin (72.7% - 88.7%). <i>P. aeruginosa</i> resisted most of commonly antibiotics, ranging from 50% to 70%. <i>E. coli</i> had a high resistance with antibiotics like ampicillin (87.2% - 97.6%) and the 3rd generation cephalosporins (up to 79.6%). <i>K. pneumoniae</i> resisted carbapenem from 14.7% to 44.4%, and other antibiotics with the higher rate of 40%. The collected data will be a prerequisite for further studies on mechanisms and factors related to antibiotic resistant bacteria, in order to find out a rational and effective using strategy of antibiotics. 展开更多
关键词 Gram-Negative Bacteria Antibiotic Resistance Multi-Drug Resistance
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Navigating the Third Frontier of Antimicrobial Therapy to Support Women’s Health 认领
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作者 Emma Wittman Neela Yar Bryan Larsen 《妇产科期刊(英文)》 2020年第8期1011-1035,共25页
This paper explores one of the underappreciated reasons for lack of efficacy in certain cases of antimicrobial therapy, namely the occurrence of a non-genetic resistance to antimicrobial drugs due to a metabolic quies... This paper explores one of the underappreciated reasons for lack of efficacy in certain cases of antimicrobial therapy, namely the occurrence of a non-genetic resistance to antimicrobial drugs due to a metabolic quiescence of microorganisms. T</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">his review has centered on those microorganisms of particular importance in obstetrics and gynecology and accordingly has reviewed the nature and extent of the persister phenotype in relation to infectious agents affecting women’s health. We show how the quiescent persister microbial phenotype represents the next significant issue that could compromise successful antibiotic therapy. A brief history of antimicrobial therapy is provided as context for the problem posed by the persister phenotype. This review has been focused on the current literature having relevance for physicians concerned with women’s health. The study of this phenotype has led to increasing understanding of the molecular mechanisms for this state which also provides ideas for rational development of drug candidates to interdict these organisms in human disease and explores the possibility of developing specifically targeted molecules to address persisters, research on screening botanicals, existing drugs and chemicals to discover novel approaches to the clinical consequence of microbial persisters. Of interest in this review, is the return to naturally occurring botanical substances, first to be used as anti</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">infectives, now being considered as possible agents to address persister microorganisms. Overall this paper aims to provide information tailored especially to the obstetrics and gynecology specialists. 展开更多
关键词 Gynecologic Infection Obstetric Infection Antibiotic Therapy Antimicrobial Resistance Quiescent Microorganisms Mechanisms
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Correlation between a Change of Drug Resistance of <i>Klebsiella pneumonia</i>and Defined Daily Doses of Antimicrobial Agents from 2014 to 2018 认领
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作者 Jiuli Hu Xu Xiao +3 位作者 Chanchan Hu Rui Wang Yanwu Zhao Xiaoqin Zhu 《药理与制药(英文)》 2020年第11期299-305,共7页
Introduction: The prevalence of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Klebsiella pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> has rapidly incr... Introduction: The prevalence of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Klebsiella pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> has rapidly increased in recent years and the distribution differed greatly by region, We aimed to study the relationship between antibiotic resistance and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">K. pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, especially carbapenem-resistant </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Klebsiella pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (CRKP) in our tertiary hospitals from 2014 to 2018.</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methodology: The antibiotic consumption data of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">K. pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were expressed as the defined daily dose (DDD) per 100 inpatient days</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(DDDs). </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">K. pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> which isolated from clinical samples in</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> hospital between January 2014 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and the correlation between antibiotic resistance rate and antibiotic frequency was analyzed.</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: From 2014 to 2018, a total of 2295 strains of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">K. pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were isolated, with the detection rates of 8.2%, 9.2%, 11.9%, 13.4% and 14.0%. There were 423 strains of CRKP, with the detection rates of 7.5%, 5.8%, 17</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">8% 24.2% and 25.2% respectively. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">K. pne 展开更多
关键词 Klebsiella pneumonia Antibiotic Consumption Resistance Correlation Analysis Defined Daily Doses
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牦牛隐性乳房炎主要病原菌及耐药和毒力基因分布情况 认领 被引量：1
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作者 王斐 王彩莲 +1 位作者 宋淑珍 郎侠 《中国畜牧兽医》 CAS 北大核心 2020年第1期229-239,共11页
为探明牦牛隐性乳房炎(SCM)主要病原菌及其耐药和毒力基因的分布情况,本研究自甘肃省甘南州夏季牧场收集无乳房炎临床症状牦牛乳样,通过兰州乳房炎试验(LMT)筛选SCM乳样,从中分离病原菌并纯化培养,利用16S rDNA鉴定主要病原菌,通过纸片... 为探明牦牛隐性乳房炎(SCM)主要病原菌及其耐药和毒力基因的分布情况,本研究自甘肃省甘南州夏季牧场收集无乳房炎临床症状牦牛乳样,通过兰州乳房炎试验(LMT)筛选SCM乳样,从中分离病原菌并纯化培养,利用16S rDNA鉴定主要病原菌,通过纸片扩散法判定其药物敏感性,并采用PCR方法对相关耐药及毒力基因进行检测。结果显示,共筛选出牦牛SCM乳样324份,检出率14.43%;主要病原菌为葡萄球菌属、埃希氏菌属和肠球菌属,其中葡萄球菌分离株对青霉素和四环素耐药率最高,分别为59.57%和47.52%;大肠埃希氏菌分离株对四环素和氨苄西林耐药率最高,分别为43.40%和20.75%;粪肠球菌分离株对四环素和红霉素耐药率最高,分别为25.00%和16.67%;59株耐青霉素金黄色葡萄球菌中共检出MRSA 12株,其中7株携带mecA基因,5株含mecC基因;四环素外排泵基因tetK、tetA携带率最高(85.45%、56.36%),核糖体保护基因tetM携带率最低(34.55%);毒力基因中,clfA、clfB、fib、coa基因检出率较高(87.64%、84.27%、83.15%、82.02%)。研究表明,牦牛SCM的主要病原菌为金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希氏菌,均对青霉素类和四环素类抗生素耐药性较高,其中金黄色葡萄球菌的主要毒力因子为黏附因子和凝固酶。 展开更多
关键词 牦牛 隐性乳房炎(SCM) 病原菌 耐药性 耐药基因 毒力基因
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抗生素耐药性的研究进展与控制策略 认领
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作者 沙国萌 陈冠军 +1 位作者 陈彤 王禄山 《微生物学通报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2020年第10期3369-3379,共11页
抗生素是治疗细菌感染的有效药物,然而抗生素在人类医学及农业生产中的大规模使用催生了细菌耐药性在环境中的快速扩散和传播,特别是多种抗生素的联合使用更是促进了多重耐药性的产生,严重威胁着人类和动物健康及食品与环境安全,相关问... 抗生素是治疗细菌感染的有效药物,然而抗生素在人类医学及农业生产中的大规模使用催生了细菌耐药性在环境中的快速扩散和传播,特别是多种抗生素的联合使用更是促进了多重耐药性的产生,严重威胁着人类和动物健康及食品与环境安全,相关问题已经引起人们的警觉。因此新研究主要集中在以下几方面:利用组学及合成生物学等方法挖掘并合成新型抗生素;利用高通量技术等系统分析环境中耐药菌及耐药基因新的传播途径及产生的新耐药机制;减抗、替抗及控制耐药基因的策略及其相关工艺。因此,在全面认识耐药基因在环境中传播规律的基础上,如何绿色高效地切断传播途径仍是目前研究的热点。基于此,本文在细菌水平上阐述了抗生素的研发历程、耐药性的发展及控制策略,从而为有效遏制细菌耐药性的发展提供思路。 展开更多
关键词 抗生素 发展历史 耐药性 抗性机制 控制策略
Effective Antibiotic Stewardship Program: Controlling Antibiotic Resistance and Optimizing Drug Use in Ahmadi Hospital 认领
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作者 Saud M. Alajmi Wadha N. Almarri 《分析科学方法和仪器期刊(英文)》 2020年第1期1-11,共11页
An Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) is established to promote cost effective and safe use of antimicrobial agents. Basically, this approach directs the management of antimicrobials in terms of selection of appr... An Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) is established to promote cost effective and safe use of antimicrobial agents. Basically, this approach directs the management of antimicrobials in terms of selection of appropriate drugs, determination of administration routes and standardization of both medication dosage and treatment duration. The program involves, but is not limited to, Hospital Staff Education, Pharmacodynamics Dose Optimization, Computer-Assisted Decision Support Programs, Pharmacist-Driven Intravenous to Oral Switch Programs, Pharmacy Dosing Programs and Antibiotic Cycling. A study was conducted to determine effectiveness of the ASP in significantly improving patient outcomes (e.g. decrease morbidity and mortality from infection). This was undertaken by collecting restrospective data on patient length of hospital stay, bed turnover rate and antibiotic consumption over a period of 2 years since the ASP was initiated. Periodic data were then compared and interpreted based on its clinical, quality and financial implications in order to measure effectiveness of the program implementation. 展开更多
关键词 ANTIBIOTICS Antibiotic STEWARDSHIP DRUG Resistance INFECTIOUS Disease KUWAIT
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Expression of Fusion Lytic Peptides Promotes Fungal Disease Resistance in Transgenic Plants 认领
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作者 George S. Biliarski Bakhyt Yertaeva Amitava Mitra 《美国植物学期刊(英文)》 2020年第2期148-161,共14页
Many organisms produce small proteins which exhibit antimicrobial activities. In recent decades, the biological role of antimicrobial peptides (AMP) has been recognized as the main factor in the defense mechanisms aga... Many organisms produce small proteins which exhibit antimicrobial activities. In recent decades, the biological role of antimicrobial peptides (AMP) has been recognized as the main factor in the defense mechanisms against a broad range of pathogenic microbes. The increased worldwide incidence of microbial resistance to antibiotics makes AMPs promising alternative for the control of microbial disease. Exploring the potential of AMPs in transgenic crops could lead to the development of new and improved cultivars which are resistant to various economically important diseases. In the present study, two fusion lytic peptide gene constructs coding for antimicrobial peptides were expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana tobacco plants and tested against three fungal pathogens, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani, and Pythium sp. Detached-leaf bioassay was employed for the transgenic plants carrying the fusion lytic peptide constructs (ORF13 and RSA1), transgenic vector only control plants (1234), and wild-type control plants (WT) against the three fungal pathogens. Symptom area of each leaf was measured with high accuracy and data were recorded and processed by statistical analyses. The results showed that transgenic plant lines ORF13 and RSL1 have substantial resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum infection, producing significantly smaller lesion areas compared to vector only plant line 1234 and wild type plants. These transgenic lines also provided resistance against Rhizoctonia solani, however, these lines were not effective against the other fungal pathogen Pythium sp. 展开更多
关键词 ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES Antibiotic RESISTANCE FUNGAL Diseases Plant Disease Control TRANSGENIC Plants
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土壤农药污染与细菌农药-抗生素交叉抗性研究进展 认领
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作者 郭艾云 鲍艳宇 周启星 《微生物学通报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2020年第9期2984-2995,共12页
土壤农药污染和细菌耐药性是环境领域研究的热点问题。近年来,越来越多的研究表明土壤农药污染与细菌农药-抗生素交叉抗性的形成有关。本文依据近年来国内外研究进展,阐述了国内外土壤中农药(杀虫剂、除草剂和杀菌剂)的污染现状,并介绍... 土壤农药污染和细菌耐药性是环境领域研究的热点问题。近年来,越来越多的研究表明土壤农药污染与细菌农药-抗生素交叉抗性的形成有关。本文依据近年来国内外研究进展,阐述了国内外土壤中农药(杀虫剂、除草剂和杀菌剂)的污染现状,并介绍了细菌对农药的降解及抗性、细菌对抗生素的抗性以及农药-抗生素交叉抗性等问题。最后,对未来有关农药-抗生素交叉抗性的研究重点进行了展望。 展开更多
关键词 农药 土壤 细菌 抗生素抗性 农药-抗生素交叉抗性
Bacteriology and Antibiotic Sensibility Associated with Extracted Carious Teeth: A Cross Sectional Study at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana 认领
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作者 Ama Agyeibea Amuasi Alexander Oti Acheampong +4 位作者 Collins Kokuro Alex Ofori Kpedekpo Yayra Joseph Abu-Sakyi Francis Adu-Ababio 《口腔学期刊(英文)》 2020年第5期87-96,共10页
Background: Many oral bacterial species forming the normal flora present as a biofilm in the oral cavity. Dental caries results when there is an imbalance of pathogenic bacteria within these biofilms. Aim: This study ... Background: Many oral bacterial species forming the normal flora present as a biofilm in the oral cavity. Dental caries results when there is an imbalance of pathogenic bacteria within these biofilms. Aim: This study sought to isolate and identify the bacterial species associated with extracted carious teeth and their susceptibility pattern towards commonly employed antimicrobial agents used at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH). Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study carried out on thirty-three extracted carious teeth samples collected by convenient sampling from patients attending the Oral Health Directorate-KATH. All samples were collected from the 11th of March 2019 to the 6th of April 2019. Data was collected using 5 ml peptone water and a case study form. Analysis was done using SPSS version 25 and Microsoft Excel version 10. Results: Twenty (61%) samples were obtained from female patients and thirteen samples (39%) from male patients. Streptococcus spp had the highest occurrence (32.25%) with the least isolated being Pseudomonas and E. coli spp (6.45%). Antibiotic susceptibility test revealed Pseudomonas spp was resistant to all the eight antibiotics used in this study. All bacterial isolates were resistant to Cefuroxime and penicillin except Staphylococcus and Streptococcus spp. Conclusion: The commonest isolates associated with dental caries in KATH were Streptococcus, Bacillus and Staphylococcus spp. In this study most of the isolated species were resistant to common antibiotics employed in the Oral Health Directorate in KATH (amoxicillin/clavulanic, ampicillin and penicillin). From the current study the most effective antibiotic observed was meropenem (23%) with penicillin (3%) being least effective in treating infections of caries. 展开更多
关键词 CARIES BACTERIA Teeth Antibiotic RESISTANCE
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新疆天山雪岭云杉根际土壤中链霉菌的分离培养及其抑菌活性的初步探究 认领
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作者 赵磊 木沙江·托乎提 +3 位作者 牛丽娟 苟渔 林富顺 郭飞 《石河子大学学报:自然科学版》 CAS 北大核心 2020年第5期635-641,共7页
目的对新疆天山地区雪岭云杉根际土壤链霉菌进行抗菌活性的初步研究,为研发新型抗生素提供微生物资源。方法利用5种培养基对所采集的5份样品进行菌株分离培养,以选定的病原菌为靶标,运用牛津杯法对分离的菌株的发酵液进行抑菌实验。同... 目的对新疆天山地区雪岭云杉根际土壤链霉菌进行抗菌活性的初步研究,为研发新型抗生素提供微生物资源。方法利用5种培养基对所采集的5份样品进行菌株分离培养,以选定的病原菌为靶标,运用牛津杯法对分离的菌株的发酵液进行抑菌实验。同时利用PCR技术,扩增菌株的16SrRNA基因,以及生物活性物质基因PKS1、PKS2以及NRPS。结果本实验共分离得到41株链霉菌,且菌株TS007、TS054、TS066可能为潜在新种。一共22株表现出抑菌活性,其中TS014菌株对所选病原菌均有抑制作用。有32株菌株具有PSKⅠ、PSKⅡ、NRPS基因中的一种或多种。结论新疆雪岭云杉根际土壤中蕴含着丰富的链霉菌资源,且这些资源具有开发新型抗生素的潜力。 展开更多
关键词 链霉菌属 抗生素耐药性 抗生素 天山雪岭云杉 根际土壤
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南美白对虾肠道内乳酸菌的分离鉴定及其对抗生素的耐药性 认领 被引量：1
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作者 宋俊男 张久峰 +2 位作者 罗剑飞 赵丹丹 林炜铁 《现代食品科技》 EI CAS 北大核心 2020年第5期192-199,共8页
以南美白对虾为研究对象,采用平板分离法从其肠道内筛得26株乳酸菌,通过16S rRNA测序鉴定可归为4种:乳酸乳球菌乳亚种L. lactis subsp. lactis、台湾乳球菌L. taiwanensis、格式乳球菌L. garvieae、乳酸乳球菌L. lactis。选取7株具有代... 以南美白对虾为研究对象,采用平板分离法从其肠道内筛得26株乳酸菌,通过16S rRNA测序鉴定可归为4种:乳酸乳球菌乳亚种L. lactis subsp. lactis、台湾乳球菌L. taiwanensis、格式乳球菌L. garvieae、乳酸乳球菌L. lactis。选取7株具有代表性的乳酸菌,用PCR的方法检测对虾中检出率较高的6类18种抗性基因(ARGs)在乳酸菌中的分布,辅以平板涂布的方法用抗生素选择性培养基研究乳酸菌对抗生素的耐药性。研究发现:7株乳酸菌具有相似的耐药谱,对四环素、磺胺吡啶、乙酰螺旋霉素表现出耐药性(抑菌率<50.00%),对盐酸金霉、土霉素、硫酸庆大霉素、氯霉素、红霉素敏感(抑菌率100%);含有多重抗性基因,ARGs的检出率:磺胺类(92.86%)>四环素类(53.06%)>喹诺酮类(23.81%)>氨基糖苷类(4.76%)>氯霉素类=大环内酯类(0.00%),其ARGs基因型与菌株的抗生素表型并不能完全吻合。 展开更多
关键词 乳酸菌 分离筛选 抗性基因 抗生素耐药性
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金黄色葡萄球菌耐药性分布特征及分子流行病学研究 认领
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作者 丛萌倩 《国际检验医学杂志》 CAS 2020年第11期1382-1386,共5页
目的了解该院微生物实验室临床送检样本分离的金黄色葡萄球菌(SA)中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的分布特点及耐药情况。检测杀白细胞素(pvl)基因携带情况,了解耐药菌株的流行趋势,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法回顾性... 目的了解该院微生物实验室临床送检样本分离的金黄色葡萄球菌(SA)中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的分布特点及耐药情况。检测杀白细胞素(pvl)基因携带情况,了解耐药菌株的流行趋势,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法回顾性分析该院2015年1月至2017年12月临床送检样本中SA的检出情况,采用纸片扩散法对SA分离株进行体外药敏试验检测,鉴定MRSA及对其他常见抗菌药物的耐药情况,采用聚合酶链式反应检测pvl基因携带情况。结果临床共分离到441株SA,2015-2017年的MRSA检出率分别为36.69%、32.89%、30.67%,其中406株SA来源于住院患者样本包括145株MRSA,35株SA来源于门诊患者样本包括2株MRSA。所有SA菌株对青霉素、红霉素、克林霉素、左氧氟沙星、阿莫西林、庆大霉素、头孢唑啉的耐药率均大于50.00%,其中大部分耐药株来源于住院患者样本,而对利福平和复方磺胺甲噁唑的耐药率则较低,分别为7.26%和12.02%,未发现对万古霉素有抗性的SA菌株。住院患者样本的耐药率显著高于门诊患者样本耐药率,门诊患者来源的SA菌株仅对青霉素有高耐药率(88.57%),对其他抗菌药则为中等或较低程度耐药。共检出28株SA携带pvl基因,携带率为6.35%,其中7株来源于门诊患者样本,携带率高于住院患者样本。pvl阴性菌株对复方磺胺甲噁唑的耐药性稍高,对其他检测抗菌药物的灵敏度没有影响。结论该院临床分离的SA菌株中MRSA检出率近3年未见明显变化,且pvl基因携带率较低,但对多种常见抗菌药物有较高耐药率,住院患者样本的MRSA检出率和耐药率均高于门诊患者,今后需要注意临床合理用药并加强对SA感染的耐药监测,以有效控制耐药株的产生和流行。 展开更多
关键词 金黄色葡萄球菌 耐甲氧西林 耐药性 杀白细胞素
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屎肠球菌携带毒力基因及其耐药性检测 认领
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作者 王佳慧 贾丹 +7 位作者 李贺海 刘爱红 王锦明 刘军龙 关贵全 罗建勋 殷宏 李有全 《中国兽医科学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2020年第11期1428-1432,共5页
为探究屎肠球菌携带毒力基因及耐药性相关基因,本研究采用PCR方法对不同来源的41株屎肠球菌中携带10种毒力基因、万古霉素耐药基因和四环素耐药基因进行检测,并应用K-B纸片法分析屎肠球菌对9种抗生素的敏感性。结果表明,在41株屎肠球菌... 为探究屎肠球菌携带毒力基因及耐药性相关基因,本研究采用PCR方法对不同来源的41株屎肠球菌中携带10种毒力基因、万古霉素耐药基因和四环素耐药基因进行检测,并应用K-B纸片法分析屎肠球菌对9种抗生素的敏感性。结果表明,在41株屎肠球菌中检测3种毒力基因gel E、efaAfs和ccf的阳性率均为100%,其他毒力基因的阳性率依次为cpd(80.49%)、agg(39.02%)、cylM(4.88%)、cylB(9.76%)、cylA(9.76%)、cob(4.88%)及esp(0);在41株屎肠球菌中,能检测出4种毒力基因的菌株数占46.34%,能检测到5种毒力基因的菌株数占29.27%;41株屎肠球菌对庆大霉素、萘啶酸和卡那霉素的耐药率均为100%,对其他抗生素的耐药率分别为诺氟沙星(31.7%)、四环素(26.83%)、氯霉素(7.31%)、万古霉素和阿莫西林(4.88%)、氨苄西林(0)。通过对不同基质屎肠球菌携带毒力基因和耐药性的检测分析,为今后屎肠球菌毒力基因和耐药性的分子机制研究奠定基础。 展开更多
关键词 屎肠球菌 毒力基因 耐药基因 耐药性
527株肉鸡源大肠埃希菌的药物敏感性特征研究 认领
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作者 陈霞 赵晓菲 +4 位作者 车洁 张云飞 袁敏 白雪梅 李娟 《疾病监测》 CAS 2020年第1期46-51,共6页
目的研究河北省肉鸡养殖场分离的大肠埃希菌对常见抗菌药物的耐药情况。方法2017年3月,在河北省某2处大型肉鸡养殖场中选择38日龄的待宰肉鸡作为采样对象。将鸡舍分为5个区域采用单纯随机方法进行肉鸡泄殖腔拭子样品的采集,共得到样本27... 目的研究河北省肉鸡养殖场分离的大肠埃希菌对常见抗菌药物的耐药情况。方法2017年3月,在河北省某2处大型肉鸡养殖场中选择38日龄的待宰肉鸡作为采样对象。将鸡舍分为5个区域采用单纯随机方法进行肉鸡泄殖腔拭子样品的采集,共得到样本273份。采用选择性培养基进行菌株分离,用VITEK~?-2型全自动微生物分析仪进行大肠埃希菌的鉴定和对10类18种常见抗菌药物的敏感性测试,并同时进行产超广谱β内酰胺酶(ESBL)的检测。结果经分离共得到菌落形态及生化特性不同的非重复的大肠埃希菌527株,产ESBL菌株占90.13%(475/527),对碳青霉烯类的厄他培南、美罗培南和亚胺培南的敏感率均为99.43%,对阿莫西林的耐药率最高,为99.24%。对四环素、环丙沙星、哌拉西林、氨曲南、左氧氟沙星的耐药率分别为94.88%、78.94%、78.37%、77.80%、70.40%。527株大肠埃希菌的多重耐药率为98.10%,且多重耐药菌株均产ESBL。耐受6类抗菌药物的菌株最多,占35.86%(189/527)。经分析共得到58种耐药谱,耐受青霉素类-头孢菌素类-氨曲南-氨基糖苷类-氟喹诺酮类-四环素-复方新诺明的菌株比重最高,占15.40%。结论肉鸡源大肠埃希菌对常见抗菌药物的耐药程度较高,多重耐药情况普遍存在,应加强对动物源菌株耐药性的监测和合理的轮换用药策略。 展开更多
关键词 肉鸡 大肠埃希菌 耐药性 多重耐药性
2018年~2019年河北地区蛋鸡源大肠杆菌流行病学调查与分析 认领
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作者 张召兴 李佩国 +4 位作者 陈玥 李蕴玉 张香斋 贾青辉 张建文 《中国预防兽医学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2020年第3期228-233,共6页
为了解河北地区蛋鸡源大肠杆菌血清型、耐药性及耐药基因等流行病学特点,本研究对2018年~2019年采集自河北地区病死鸡病料组织173份样品,通过细菌分离纯化、PCR法分离鉴定得到120株大肠杆菌,采用O血清型玻板凝集试验、K-B药敏纸片法及PC... 为了解河北地区蛋鸡源大肠杆菌血清型、耐药性及耐药基因等流行病学特点,本研究对2018年~2019年采集自河北地区病死鸡病料组织173份样品,通过细菌分离纯化、PCR法分离鉴定得到120株大肠杆菌,采用O血清型玻板凝集试验、K-B药敏纸片法及PCR法对其进行血清型、耐药性及耐药基因研究,并分析其流行病学特点。结果显示,分离的120株大肠杆菌分属于6种血清型,以O78型(74.2%)、O2型(11.7%)和O89型(9.2%)为主要流行的血清型;分离的大肠杆菌对磺胺二甲氧嘧啶、头孢拉啶、林可霉素等14种药物耐药性较高,其耐药率45.8%~98.3%,对其它药物的耐药率15.0%~43.3%,分离菌株呈现多重耐药性,耐11(10.83%)、16(9.17%)、17(9.17%)种药物的菌株最多;分离的大肠杆菌检测出29种耐药基因,耐药基因ant-Ia、tetC、tetB、tetA4、aadA1、blaTEM、OXA-1、tetM4、gyrB、floR、gyrC、gyrE、blaCTX-C5、gyrA、dhps、aaC2、strA检出率42.0%~99.0%,其它耐药基因检出率38.3%~19.2%;分离菌株均携带多重耐药基因型,以同时携带16(18.33%)、17(15.0%)、18(15.83%)种耐药基因为主要流行基因型,经分析耐药表型与耐药基因型携带基本呈正相关。本研究为河北地区蛋鸡大肠杆菌病的防控提供了参考。 展开更多
关键词 蛋鸡 大肠杆菌 血清型 耐药型 耐药基因
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