Polygalae Radix,which has a long history of medical use in traditional Chinese medicine,is multifunctional such as tranquilize mind,relieve swelling and remove phlegm.It has been demonstrated that Polygalae Radix olig...Polygalae Radix,which has a long history of medical use in traditional Chinese medicine,is multifunctional such as tranquilize mind,relieve swelling and remove phlegm.It has been demonstrated that Polygalae Radix oligosaccharide ester is the main active component which excutes the neuropharmacological activities like antidepression,anti-dementia and neuroprotection.In this review,the chemical structure,pharmacology,pharmacokinetics and processing mechanism of Polygalae Radix oligosaccharide ester are summarized so as to provide reference for its further development and utilization.展开更多
目的建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定人血浆右美托咪定的浓度,评价梗阻性黄疸对患者体内右美托咪定药动学参数的影响。方法样品经液-液萃取后测定,色谱柱为Agilent Eclipse Plus C18,流动相为甲醇−0.1%甲酸水溶液,流速为0.2 ml/min,...目的建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定人血浆右美托咪定的浓度,评价梗阻性黄疸对患者体内右美托咪定药动学参数的影响。方法样品经液-液萃取后测定,色谱柱为Agilent Eclipse Plus C18,流动相为甲醇−0.1%甲酸水溶液,流速为0.2 ml/min,柱温为35℃,质谱检测采用动态多反应离子检测模式。结果人血浆中右美托咪定在0.01~10.00 ng/ml浓度范围内线性关系良好,日内和日间精密度均小于15.00%,提取回收率为85.5%~93.1%,基质效应为91.2%~95.6%,样品在分析期间稳定性良好。与对照组相比,梗阻性黄疸患者体内右美托咪定药动学参数cmax、AUC(0−t)、AUC(0−∞)和Vz分别增加63.4%、78.9%、66.4%、82.5%;CLz降低42.1%。结论该方法结果准确,灵敏度高,重现性好,适用于检测人血浆右美托咪定的浓度;梗阻性黄疸患者体内右美托咪定消除减慢。展开更多
The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug meloxicam is commonly used as adjunct therapy for neonatal calf diarrhea to control pain and inflammation. The objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of me...The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug meloxicam is commonly used as adjunct therapy for neonatal calf diarrhea to control pain and inflammation. The objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam in diarrheic pre-ruminant dairy calves dosed either orally or subcutaneously. Twelve pre-ruminant male dairy calves with mild to moderate diarrhea were randomly assigned to receive one of four treatments (three per group): subcutaneous meloxicam (SM, 0.5 mg/kg body weight);an oral bolus meloxicam suspension (OM, 1 mg/kg body weight);an oral meloxicam suspension added to a feeding of oral electrolytes (EM, 1 mg/kg body weight);and an oral meloxicam suspension added to a feeding of milk replacer (MM, 1 mg/kg body weight). The predicted pharmacokinetic parameters for OM, MM, EM, and SM groups were: half-life (56.8 ± 21.7 vs. 136.0 ± 26.6 vs. 85.2 ± 21.7 vs. 36.3 ± 21.7 h), Cmax (4.3 ± 0.4 vs. 3.7 ± 0.4 vs. 3.9 ± 0.4 vs. 2.1 ± 0.4 μg/mL), Tmax (13.3 ± 4.0 vs. 10.7 ± 4.0 vs. 13.3 ± 4.0 vs. 2.7 ± 4.0 h), and AUC0-∞ (383.4 ± 126.8 vs. 877.8 ± 155.3 vs. 457.1 ± 126.8 vs. 126.4 ± 126.8 h * μg/mL). Oral meloxicam, especially MM, had extended elimination phases relative to SM. All meloxicam therapies provided effective therapeutic levels but all oral therapies (1 mg/kg) provided longer durations of activity than injectable meloxicam (0.5 mg/kg).展开更多
文摘Polygalae Radix,which has a long history of medical use in traditional Chinese medicine,is multifunctional such as tranquilize mind,relieve swelling and remove phlegm.It has been demonstrated that Polygalae Radix oligosaccharide ester is the main active component which excutes the neuropharmacological activities like antidepression,anti-dementia and neuroprotection.In this review,the chemical structure,pharmacology,pharmacokinetics and processing mechanism of Polygalae Radix oligosaccharide ester are summarized so as to provide reference for its further development and utilization.
文摘The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug meloxicam is commonly used as adjunct therapy for neonatal calf diarrhea to control pain and inflammation. The objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam in diarrheic pre-ruminant dairy calves dosed either orally or subcutaneously. Twelve pre-ruminant male dairy calves with mild to moderate diarrhea were randomly assigned to receive one of four treatments (three per group): subcutaneous meloxicam (SM, 0.5 mg/kg body weight);an oral bolus meloxicam suspension (OM, 1 mg/kg body weight);an oral meloxicam suspension added to a feeding of oral electrolytes (EM, 1 mg/kg body weight);and an oral meloxicam suspension added to a feeding of milk replacer (MM, 1 mg/kg body weight). The predicted pharmacokinetic parameters for OM, MM, EM, and SM groups were: half-life (56.8 ± 21.7 vs. 136.0 ± 26.6 vs. 85.2 ± 21.7 vs. 36.3 ± 21.7 h), Cmax (4.3 ± 0.4 vs. 3.7 ± 0.4 vs. 3.9 ± 0.4 vs. 2.1 ± 0.4 μg/mL), Tmax (13.3 ± 4.0 vs. 10.7 ± 4.0 vs. 13.3 ± 4.0 vs. 2.7 ± 4.0 h), and AUC0-∞ (383.4 ± 126.8 vs. 877.8 ± 155.3 vs. 457.1 ± 126.8 vs. 126.4 ± 126.8 h * μg/mL). Oral meloxicam, especially MM, had extended elimination phases relative to SM. All meloxicam therapies provided effective therapeutic levels but all oral therapies (1 mg/kg) provided longer durations of activity than injectable meloxicam (0.5 mg/kg).